تنوع زیستی در جنگل های تولیدی: هم هزینه ها و هم منافع، تصویر مالی را شکل می دهند

Biodiversity in production forests: Both costs and benefits shape the financial picture

Forests provide timber as well as many other ecosystem services. An important question is how measures to conserve biodiversity affect the profitability of forest operations focused on wood production. Researchers from Wageningen University & Research and the University of Freiburg reviewed studies worldwide that compared forest management with biodiversity conservation measures against business-as-usual management…